Vietnam is undertaking a historic twin transition in its railway sector, integrating advanced digital technologies and clean energy solutions to drastically reduce carbon emissions and meet the country’s net - zero by 2050.
The Asian country is making progress in a comprehensive transformation of its railway system, strongly focusing on digitalisation and the use of cleaner energy to improve operational efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, according to the Vietnam News (NNA).
In 2025, the sector transported around 40 million passengers and more than 5 million tons of cargo, reflecting stable operational performance and gradual improvements in service quality. Currently the industry has 258 locomotives, 128 generators, about 4.000 wagons and approximately 2.600 kilometres of railroad tracks.
In addition, the railway operator has introduced a wide range of digital tools, such as ticketing, digital signatures, customer services using chatbots and advanced infrastructure management systems.
Technologies such as train monitoring systems, surveillance cameras, and LIDAR - based alert devices have also been implemented to improve safety and operational control.
Likewise, a “digital railway” model has been launched that integrates artificial intelligence (AI), big data and the Internet of Things in management processes.
Experts point out that these innovations allow for more efficient operations, cost reductions and improved quality of service, with in addition the implementation of an emergency response centre that facilitates real - time coordination at key transportation points.
In parallel with digitalisation, the sector is moving towards more sustainable operations. Vietnamese Rail transport accounts for around 0.2% of the economy’s total emissions and around 3% within the transport sector.
By 2030, Vietnam plans to continue modernizing its infrastructure, expand the use of cleaner fuels, and increase the sector’s contribution to sustainable and circular economic development.
Digitalisation and Safety Enhancements:
• VNRA - MIS and E - Ticketing: Vietnam Railways has launched a centralised infrastructure asset management platform alongside digital operations like e – ticketing and chatbot – based customer service.
• IoT and AI Monitoring: IoT sensors, big data, and LIDAR – based warning systems are continuously deployed to monitor track conditions, optimize routing, and automate train control.
• Emergency Response Centres: The sector now utilises emergency response centres streaming real – time visuals from key traffic junctions and level crossings to maximize punctuality and safety.
Green Technologies and Emissions Reduction:
• Electrification: Planned major projects, including high - speed routes, are built with 25 kV, 50 Hz electrification systems to offer reliable power while eliminating direct greenhouse gas (GHC) emissions from diesel - dependent locomotives.
• Sustainable Materials: Innovative, high – strength composite materials are being used in tunnels and overpasses to improve durability, reduce material waste, and limit the environmental footprint of construction.
Key Mega - Projects Driving the Shift:
• North - South High - Speed Railway: This monumental $67 billion project spans 1.541 km and is designed to operate at speeds up to 350 km/h. The line will drastically cut travel times and shift heavily polluting domestic air and road freight traffic to a low – emission, electric transport backbone.
• Hanoi - Quuang Ninh High - Speed Line: Construction has broken on this route, which aims to utilize ultra – fast trains to streamline passenger flow and boost sustainable tourism.
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